netif.c 21.9 KB
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774
/**
 * @file
 * lwIP network interface abstraction
 *
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
 * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
 * SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
 * OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
 * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
 * OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * This file is part of the lwIP TCP/IP stack.
 *
 * Author: Adam Dunkels <adam@sics.se>
 *
 */

#include "lwip/opt.h"

#include "lwip/def.h"
#include "lwip/ip_addr.h"
#include "lwip/netif.h"
#include "lwip/tcp_impl.h"
#include "lwip/snmp.h"
#include "lwip/igmp.h"
#include "netif/etharp.h"
#include "lwip/stats.h"
#if ENABLE_LOOPBACK
#include "lwip/sys.h"
#if LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK_MULTITHREADING
#include "lwip/tcpip.h"
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK_MULTITHREADING */
#endif /* ENABLE_LOOPBACK */

#if LWIP_AUTOIP
#include "lwip/autoip.h"
#endif /* LWIP_AUTOIP */
#if LWIP_DHCP
#include "lwip/dhcp.h"
#endif /* LWIP_DHCP */

#if LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK
#define NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK(n) do{ if (n->status_callback) { (n->status_callback)(n); }}while(0)
#else
#define NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK(n)
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK */ 

#if LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK
#define NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK(n) do{ if (n->link_callback) { (n->link_callback)(n); }}while(0)
#else
#define NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK(n)
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK */ 

struct netif *netif_list;
struct netif *netif_default;

static u8_t netif_num;

#if LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF
static struct netif loop_netif;

/**
 * Initialize a lwip network interface structure for a loopback interface
 *
 * @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this loopif
 * @return ERR_OK if the loopif is initialized
 *         ERR_MEM if private data couldn't be allocated
 */
static err_t
netif_loopif_init(struct netif *netif)
{
  /* initialize the snmp variables and counters inside the struct netif
   * ifSpeed: no assumption can be made!
   */
  NETIF_INIT_SNMP(netif, snmp_ifType_softwareLoopback, 0);

  netif->name[0] = 'l';
  netif->name[1] = 'o';
  netif->output = netif_loop_output;
  return ERR_OK;
}
#endif /* LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF */

void
netif_init(void)
{
#if LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF
  ip_addr_t loop_ipaddr, loop_netmask, loop_gw;
  IP4_ADDR(&loop_gw, 127,0,0,1);
  IP4_ADDR(&loop_ipaddr, 127,0,0,1);
  IP4_ADDR(&loop_netmask, 255,0,0,0);

#if NO_SYS
  netif_add(&loop_netif, &loop_ipaddr, &loop_netmask, &loop_gw, NULL, netif_loopif_init, ip_input);
#else  /* NO_SYS */
  netif_add(&loop_netif, &loop_ipaddr, &loop_netmask, &loop_gw, NULL, netif_loopif_init, tcpip_input);
#endif /* NO_SYS */
  netif_set_up(&loop_netif);

#endif /* LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF */
}

/**
 * Add a network interface to the list of lwIP netifs.
 *
 * @param netif a pre-allocated netif structure
 * @param ipaddr IP address for the new netif
 * @param netmask network mask for the new netif
 * @param gw default gateway IP address for the new netif
 * @param state opaque data passed to the new netif
 * @param init callback function that initializes the interface
 * @param input callback function that is called to pass
 * ingress packets up in the protocol layer stack.
 *
 * @return netif, or NULL if failed.
 */
struct netif *
netif_add(struct netif *netif, ip_addr_t *ipaddr, ip_addr_t *netmask,
  ip_addr_t *gw, void *state, netif_init_fn init, netif_input_fn input)
{

  LWIP_ASSERT("No init function given", init != NULL);

  /* reset new interface configuration state */
  ip_addr_set_zero(&netif->ip_addr);
  ip_addr_set_zero(&netif->netmask);
  ip_addr_set_zero(&netif->gw);
  netif->flags = 0;
#if LWIP_DHCP
  /* netif not under DHCP control by default */
  netif->dhcp = NULL;
#endif /* LWIP_DHCP */
#if LWIP_AUTOIP
  /* netif not under AutoIP control by default */
  netif->autoip = NULL;
#endif /* LWIP_AUTOIP */
#if LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK
  netif->status_callback = NULL;
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK */
#if LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK
  netif->link_callback = NULL;
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK */
#if LWIP_IGMP
  netif->igmp_mac_filter = NULL;
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */
#if ENABLE_LOOPBACK
  netif->loop_first = NULL;
  netif->loop_last = NULL;
#endif /* ENABLE_LOOPBACK */

  /* remember netif specific state information data */
  netif->state = state;
  netif->num = netif_num++;
  netif->input = input;
  NETIF_SET_HWADDRHINT(netif, NULL);
#if ENABLE_LOOPBACK && LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS
  netif->loop_cnt_current = 0;
#endif /* ENABLE_LOOPBACK && LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS */

  netif_set_addr(netif, ipaddr, netmask, gw);

  /* call user specified initialization function for netif */
  if (init(netif) != ERR_OK) {
    return NULL;
  }

  /* add this netif to the list */
  netif->next = netif_list;
  netif_list = netif;
  snmp_inc_iflist();

#if LWIP_IGMP
  /* start IGMP processing */
  if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_IGMP) {
    igmp_start(netif);
  }
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */

  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("netif: added interface %c%c IP addr ",
    netif->name[0], netif->name[1]));
  ip_addr_debug_print(NETIF_DEBUG, ipaddr);
  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, (" netmask "));
  ip_addr_debug_print(NETIF_DEBUG, netmask);
  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, (" gw "));
  ip_addr_debug_print(NETIF_DEBUG, gw);
  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("\n"));
  return netif;
}

/**
 * Change IP address configuration for a network interface (including netmask
 * and default gateway).
 *
 * @param netif the network interface to change
 * @param ipaddr the new IP address
 * @param netmask the new netmask
 * @param gw the new default gateway
 */
void
netif_set_addr(struct netif *netif, ip_addr_t *ipaddr, ip_addr_t *netmask,
    ip_addr_t *gw)
{
  netif_set_ipaddr(netif, ipaddr);
  netif_set_netmask(netif, netmask);
  netif_set_gw(netif, gw);
}

/**
 * Remove a network interface from the list of lwIP netifs.
 *
 * @param netif the network interface to remove
 */
void
netif_remove(struct netif *netif)
{
  if (netif == NULL) {
    return;
  }

#if LWIP_IGMP
  /* stop IGMP processing */
  if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_IGMP) {
    igmp_stop(netif);
  }
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */
  if (netif_is_up(netif)) {
    /* set netif down before removing (call callback function) */
    netif_set_down(netif);
  }

  snmp_delete_ipaddridx_tree(netif);

  /*  is it the first netif? */
  if (netif_list == netif) {
    netif_list = netif->next;
  } else {
    /*  look for netif further down the list */
    struct netif * tmpNetif;
    for (tmpNetif = netif_list; tmpNetif != NULL; tmpNetif = tmpNetif->next) {
      if (tmpNetif->next == netif) {
        tmpNetif->next = netif->next;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (tmpNetif == NULL)
      return; /*  we didn't find any netif today */
  }
  snmp_dec_iflist();
  /* this netif is default? */
  if (netif_default == netif) {
    /* reset default netif */
    netif_set_default(NULL);
  }
#if LWIP_NETIF_REMOVE_CALLBACK
  if (netif->remove_callback) {
    netif->remove_callback(netif);
  }
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_REMOVE_CALLBACK */
  LWIP_DEBUGF( NETIF_DEBUG, ("netif_remove: removed netif\n") );
}

/**
 * Find a network interface by searching for its name
 *
 * @param name the name of the netif (like netif->name) plus concatenated number
 * in ascii representation (e.g. 'en0')
 */
struct netif *
netif_find(char *name)
{
  struct netif *netif;
  u8_t num;

  if (name == NULL) {
    return NULL;
  }

  num = name[2] - '0';

  for(netif = netif_list; netif != NULL; netif = netif->next) {
    if (num == netif->num &&
       name[0] == netif->name[0] &&
       name[1] == netif->name[1]) {
      LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("netif_find: found %c%c\n", name[0], name[1]));
      return netif;
    }
  }
  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("netif_find: didn't find %c%c\n", name[0], name[1]));
  return NULL;
}

/**
 * Change the IP address of a network interface
 *
 * @param netif the network interface to change
 * @param ipaddr the new IP address
 *
 * @note call netif_set_addr() if you also want to change netmask and
 * default gateway
 */
void
netif_set_ipaddr(struct netif *netif, ip_addr_t *ipaddr)
{
  /* TODO: Handling of obsolete pcbs */
  /* See:  http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/lwip-users/2003-03/msg00118.html */
#if LWIP_TCP
  struct tcp_pcb *pcb;
  struct tcp_pcb_listen *lpcb;

  /* address is actually being changed? */
  if (ipaddr && (ip_addr_cmp(ipaddr, &(netif->ip_addr))) == 0) {
    /* extern struct tcp_pcb *tcp_active_pcbs; defined by tcp.h */
    LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("netif_set_ipaddr: netif address being changed\n"));
    pcb = tcp_active_pcbs;
    while (pcb != NULL) {
      /* PCB bound to current local interface address? */
      if (ip_addr_cmp(&(pcb->local_ip), &(netif->ip_addr))
#if LWIP_AUTOIP
        /* connections to link-local addresses must persist (RFC3927 ch. 1.9) */
        && !ip_addr_islinklocal(&(pcb->local_ip))
#endif /* LWIP_AUTOIP */
        ) {
        /* this connection must be aborted */
        struct tcp_pcb *next = pcb->next;
        LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("netif_set_ipaddr: aborting TCP pcb %p\n", (void *)pcb));
        tcp_abort(pcb);
        pcb = next;
      } else {
        pcb = pcb->next;
      }
    }
    for (lpcb = tcp_listen_pcbs.listen_pcbs; lpcb != NULL; lpcb = lpcb->next) {
      /* PCB bound to current local interface address? */
      if ((!(ip_addr_isany(&(lpcb->local_ip)))) &&
          (ip_addr_cmp(&(lpcb->local_ip), &(netif->ip_addr)))) {
        /* The PCB is listening to the old ipaddr and
         * is set to listen to the new one instead */
        ip_addr_set(&(lpcb->local_ip), ipaddr);
      }
    }
  }
#endif
  snmp_delete_ipaddridx_tree(netif);
  snmp_delete_iprteidx_tree(0,netif);
  /* set new IP address to netif */
  ip_addr_set(&(netif->ip_addr), ipaddr);
  snmp_insert_ipaddridx_tree(netif);
  snmp_insert_iprteidx_tree(0,netif);

  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("netif: IP address of interface %c%c set to %"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F"\n",
    netif->name[0], netif->name[1],
    ip4_addr1_16(&netif->ip_addr),
    ip4_addr2_16(&netif->ip_addr),
    ip4_addr3_16(&netif->ip_addr),
    ip4_addr4_16(&netif->ip_addr)));
}

/**
 * Change the default gateway for a network interface
 *
 * @param netif the network interface to change
 * @param gw the new default gateway
 *
 * @note call netif_set_addr() if you also want to change ip address and netmask
 */
void
netif_set_gw(struct netif *netif, ip_addr_t *gw)
{
  ip_addr_set(&(netif->gw), gw);
  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("netif: GW address of interface %c%c set to %"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F"\n",
    netif->name[0], netif->name[1],
    ip4_addr1_16(&netif->gw),
    ip4_addr2_16(&netif->gw),
    ip4_addr3_16(&netif->gw),
    ip4_addr4_16(&netif->gw)));
}

/**
 * Change the netmask of a network interface
 *
 * @param netif the network interface to change
 * @param netmask the new netmask
 *
 * @note call netif_set_addr() if you also want to change ip address and
 * default gateway
 */
void
netif_set_netmask(struct netif *netif, ip_addr_t *netmask)
{
  snmp_delete_iprteidx_tree(0, netif);
  /* set new netmask to netif */
  ip_addr_set(&(netif->netmask), netmask);
  snmp_insert_iprteidx_tree(0, netif);
  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("netif: netmask of interface %c%c set to %"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F"\n",
    netif->name[0], netif->name[1],
    ip4_addr1_16(&netif->netmask),
    ip4_addr2_16(&netif->netmask),
    ip4_addr3_16(&netif->netmask),
    ip4_addr4_16(&netif->netmask)));
}

/**
 * Set a network interface as the default network interface
 * (used to output all packets for which no specific route is found)
 *
 * @param netif the default network interface
 */
void
netif_set_default(struct netif *netif)
{
  if (netif == NULL) {
    /* remove default route */
    snmp_delete_iprteidx_tree(1, netif);
  } else {
    /* install default route */
    snmp_insert_iprteidx_tree(1, netif);
  }
  netif_default = netif;
  LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("netif: setting default interface %c%c\n",
           netif ? netif->name[0] : '\'', netif ? netif->name[1] : '\''));
}

/**
 * Bring an interface up, available for processing
 * traffic.
 * 
 * @note: Enabling DHCP on a down interface will make it come
 * up once configured.
 * 
 * @see dhcp_start()
 */ 
void netif_set_up(struct netif *netif)
{
  if (!(netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_UP)) {
    netif->flags |= NETIF_FLAG_UP;
    
#if LWIP_SNMP
    snmp_get_sysuptime(&netif->ts);
#endif /* LWIP_SNMP */

    NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK(netif);

    if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_LINK_UP) {
#if LWIP_ARP
      /* For Ethernet network interfaces, we would like to send a "gratuitous ARP" */ 
      if (netif->flags & (NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP)) {
        etharp_gratuitous(netif);
      }
#endif /* LWIP_ARP */

#if LWIP_IGMP
      /* resend IGMP memberships */
      if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_IGMP) {
        igmp_report_groups( netif);
      }
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Bring an interface down, disabling any traffic processing.
 *
 * @note: Enabling DHCP on a down interface will make it come
 * up once configured.
 * 
 * @see dhcp_start()
 */ 
void netif_set_down(struct netif *netif)
{
  if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_UP) {
    netif->flags &= ~NETIF_FLAG_UP;
#if LWIP_SNMP
    snmp_get_sysuptime(&netif->ts);
#endif

#if LWIP_ARP
    if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP) {
      etharp_cleanup_netif(netif);
    }
#endif /* LWIP_ARP */
    NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK(netif);
  }
}

#if LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK
/**
 * Set callback to be called when interface is brought up/down
 */
void netif_set_status_callback(struct netif *netif, netif_status_callback_fn status_callback)
{
  if (netif) {
    netif->status_callback = status_callback;
  }
}
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK */

#if LWIP_NETIF_REMOVE_CALLBACK
/**
 * Set callback to be called when the interface has been removed
 */
void
netif_set_remove_callback(struct netif *netif, netif_status_callback_fn remove_callback)
{
  if (netif) {
    netif->remove_callback = remove_callback;
  }
}
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_REMOVE_CALLBACK */

/**
 * Called by a driver when its link goes up
 */
void netif_set_link_up(struct netif *netif )
{
  if (!(netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_LINK_UP)) {
    netif->flags |= NETIF_FLAG_LINK_UP;

#if LWIP_DHCP
    if (netif->dhcp) {
      dhcp_network_changed(netif);
    }
#endif /* LWIP_DHCP */

#if LWIP_AUTOIP
    if (netif->autoip) {
      autoip_network_changed(netif);
    }
#endif /* LWIP_AUTOIP */

    if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_UP) {
#if LWIP_ARP
      /* For Ethernet network interfaces, we would like to send a "gratuitous ARP" */ 
      if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP) {
        etharp_gratuitous(netif);
      }
#endif /* LWIP_ARP */

#if LWIP_IGMP
      /* resend IGMP memberships */
      if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_IGMP) {
        igmp_report_groups( netif);
      }
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */
    }
    NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK(netif);
  }
}

/**
 * Called by a driver when its link goes down
 */
void netif_set_link_down(struct netif *netif )
{
  if (netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_LINK_UP) {
    netif->flags &= ~NETIF_FLAG_LINK_UP;
    NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK(netif);
  }
}

#if LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK
/**
 * Set callback to be called when link is brought up/down
 */
void netif_set_link_callback(struct netif *netif, netif_status_callback_fn link_callback)
{
  if (netif) {
    netif->link_callback = link_callback;
  }
}
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK */

#if ENABLE_LOOPBACK
/**
 * Send an IP packet to be received on the same netif (loopif-like).
 * The pbuf is simply copied and handed back to netif->input.
 * In multithreaded mode, this is done directly since netif->input must put
 * the packet on a queue.
 * In callback mode, the packet is put on an internal queue and is fed to
 * netif->input by netif_poll().
 *
 * @param netif the lwip network interface structure
 * @param p the (IP) packet to 'send'
 * @param ipaddr the ip address to send the packet to (not used)
 * @return ERR_OK if the packet has been sent
 *         ERR_MEM if the pbuf used to copy the packet couldn't be allocated
 */
err_t
netif_loop_output(struct netif *netif, struct pbuf *p,
       ip_addr_t *ipaddr)
{
  struct pbuf *r;
  err_t err;
  struct pbuf *last;
#if LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS
  u8_t clen = 0;
#endif /* LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS */
  /* If we have a loopif, SNMP counters are adjusted for it,
   * if not they are adjusted for 'netif'. */
#if LWIP_SNMP
#if LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF
  struct netif *stats_if = &loop_netif;
#else /* LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF */
  struct netif *stats_if = netif;
#endif /* LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF */
#endif /* LWIP_SNMP */
  SYS_ARCH_DECL_PROTECT(lev);
  LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(ipaddr);

  /* Allocate a new pbuf */
  r = pbuf_alloc(PBUF_LINK, p->tot_len, PBUF_RAM);
  if (r == NULL) {
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.memerr);
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.drop);
    snmp_inc_ifoutdiscards(stats_if);
    return ERR_MEM;
  }
#if LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS
  clen = pbuf_clen(r);
  /* check for overflow or too many pbuf on queue */
  if(((netif->loop_cnt_current + clen) < netif->loop_cnt_current) ||
     ((netif->loop_cnt_current + clen) > LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS)) {
    pbuf_free(r);
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.memerr);
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.drop);
    snmp_inc_ifoutdiscards(stats_if);
    return ERR_MEM;
  }
  netif->loop_cnt_current += clen;
#endif /* LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS */

  /* Copy the whole pbuf queue p into the single pbuf r */
  if ((err = pbuf_copy(r, p)) != ERR_OK) {
    pbuf_free(r);
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.memerr);
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.drop);
    snmp_inc_ifoutdiscards(stats_if);
    return err;
  }

  /* Put the packet on a linked list which gets emptied through calling
     netif_poll(). */

  /* let last point to the last pbuf in chain r */
  for (last = r; last->next != NULL; last = last->next);

  SYS_ARCH_PROTECT(lev);
  if(netif->loop_first != NULL) {
    LWIP_ASSERT("if first != NULL, last must also be != NULL", netif->loop_last != NULL);
    netif->loop_last->next = r;
    netif->loop_last = last;
  } else {
    netif->loop_first = r;
    netif->loop_last = last;
  }
  SYS_ARCH_UNPROTECT(lev);

  LINK_STATS_INC(link.xmit);
  snmp_add_ifoutoctets(stats_if, p->tot_len);
  snmp_inc_ifoutucastpkts(stats_if);

#if LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK_MULTITHREADING
  /* For multithreading environment, schedule a call to netif_poll */
  tcpip_callback((tcpip_callback_fn)netif_poll, netif);
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK_MULTITHREADING */

  return ERR_OK;
}

/**
 * Call netif_poll() in the main loop of your application. This is to prevent
 * reentering non-reentrant functions like tcp_input(). Packets passed to
 * netif_loop_output() are put on a list that is passed to netif->input() by
 * netif_poll().
 */
void
netif_poll(struct netif *netif)
{
  struct pbuf *in;
  /* If we have a loopif, SNMP counters are adjusted for it,
   * if not they are adjusted for 'netif'. */
#if LWIP_SNMP
#if LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF
  struct netif *stats_if = &loop_netif;
#else /* LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF */
  struct netif *stats_if = netif;
#endif /* LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF */
#endif /* LWIP_SNMP */
  SYS_ARCH_DECL_PROTECT(lev);

  do {
    /* Get a packet from the list. With SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT=1, this is protected */
    SYS_ARCH_PROTECT(lev);
    in = netif->loop_first;
    if (in != NULL) {
      struct pbuf *in_end = in;
#if LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS
      u8_t clen = pbuf_clen(in);
      /* adjust the number of pbufs on queue */
      LWIP_ASSERT("netif->loop_cnt_current underflow",
        ((netif->loop_cnt_current - clen) < netif->loop_cnt_current));
      netif->loop_cnt_current -= clen;
#endif /* LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS */
      while (in_end->len != in_end->tot_len) {
        LWIP_ASSERT("bogus pbuf: len != tot_len but next == NULL!", in_end->next != NULL);
        in_end = in_end->next;
      }
      /* 'in_end' now points to the last pbuf from 'in' */
      if (in_end == netif->loop_last) {
        /* this was the last pbuf in the list */
        netif->loop_first = netif->loop_last = NULL;
      } else {
        /* pop the pbuf off the list */
        netif->loop_first = in_end->next;
        LWIP_ASSERT("should not be null since first != last!", netif->loop_first != NULL);
      }
      /* De-queue the pbuf from its successors on the 'loop_' list. */
      in_end->next = NULL;
    }
    SYS_ARCH_UNPROTECT(lev);

    if (in != NULL) {
      LINK_STATS_INC(link.recv);
      snmp_add_ifinoctets(stats_if, in->tot_len);
      snmp_inc_ifinucastpkts(stats_if);
      /* loopback packets are always IP packets! */
      if (ip_input(in, netif) != ERR_OK) {
        pbuf_free(in);
      }
      /* Don't reference the packet any more! */
      in = NULL;
    }
  /* go on while there is a packet on the list */
  } while (netif->loop_first != NULL);
}

#if !LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK_MULTITHREADING
/**
 * Calls netif_poll() for every netif on the netif_list.
 */
void
netif_poll_all(void)
{
  struct netif *netif = netif_list;
  /* loop through netifs */
  while (netif != NULL) {
    netif_poll(netif);
    /* proceed to next network interface */
    netif = netif->next;
  }
}
#endif /* !LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK_MULTITHREADING */
#endif /* ENABLE_LOOPBACK */